Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in general practitioners and nurses in primary care and nursing homes in the Healthcare Area of León and associated factors.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in general practitioners and nurses from primary care centers and nursing homes in the Healthcare Area of León (Spain). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study in a convenience sample of professionals from 30 health centers and 30 nursing homes from the primary care management division of the Healthcare Area of Leon. The work center, type of profession, COVID-19 infection, level of exposure, compliance with preventive measures, isolation (if required) and diagnostic tests carried out were collected. The determination of infection was made by differentiated rapid diagnostic test (dRDT), using a finger-stick whole-blood sample. The association of variables with infection was assessed by multivariable non-conditional logistic regression. The true prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was calculated according to two scenarios for RDT (Sensitivity=0.6 and Specificity=0.985; Sensitivity=0.8 and Specificity=1). RESULTS: The true prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was between 4.9% and 11.0%. The observed prevalence was 5.9% and was higher in nursing homes than in primary care centers (9.5% vs. 5.5%). No statistically significant differences were observed by sex, type of professional, level of exposure or compliance with preventive measures. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in this group is low. A high number of professionals remain susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and therefore protective measures should be taken, especially for professionals working in nursing homes.

Predictive factors of COVID-19 in patients with negative RT-qPCR.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the factors associated with false negatives in RT-qPCR in patients with mild-moderate symptoms of COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that used a random sample of non-hospitalized patients from the primary care management division of the Healthcare Area of Leon (58 RT-qPCR-positive cases and 52 RT-qPCR-negative cases). Information regarding symptoms was collected and all patients were simultaneously tested using two rapid diagnostic tests - RDTs (Combined - cRDT and Differentiated - dRDT). The association between symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated by non-conditional logistic regression, with estimation of Odds Ratio. RESULTS: A total of 110 subjects were studied, 52% of whom were women (mean age: 48.2±11.0 years). There were 42.3% of negative RT-qPCRs that were positive in some RDTs. Fever over 38°C (present in 35.5% of cases) and anosmia (present in 41.8%) were the symptoms most associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, a relationship that remained statistically significant in patients with negative RT-qPCR and some positive RDT (aOR=6.64; 95%CI=1.33-33.13 and aOR=19.38; 95% CI=3.69-101.89, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: RT-qPCR is the technique of choice in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but it is not exempt from false negatives. Our results show that patients who present mild or moderate symptoms with negative RT-qPCR, but with fever and/or anosmia, should be considered as suspicious cases and should be evaluated with other diagnostic methods.

[Effect of intensive nutritional intervention in patients refractory to weight loss]. / Efecto de una intervención nutricional intensiva en pacientes refractarios a la pérdida de peso.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of an intensive nutritional intervention on the body weight and waist circumference in adults refractory to weight loss, by applying a personalised low-calorie Mediterranean diet. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted for 6 months on 100 participants with an age range between 55 and 75 years, a BMI ≥ 27 and < 40 kg/my, and fulfilled 3 or more criteria of metabolic syndrome. The intervention consisted of prescribing a low-calorie Mediterranean diet, exercise recommendations, and motivational talks. Anthropometric variables were recorded 11a month during the entire intervention. An analysis was made of the results using the Chi-squared and Student-t tests. The Odds Ratio of the variables associated with weight loss and their 95% confidence intervals was calculated using a non-conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: After the "rescue" intervention, the patients lost an average of 2.9% of the body weight and 2.1% of waist circumference, the target of the loss ≥ 3% of the weight and 26% of the sample the target of reduction ≥ 3% of waist circumference being achieved 38% of the sample. No statistically significant differences were observed in weight and waist circumference loss in any of the variables analysed. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive intervention, based on a low-calorie Mediterranean diet, with recommendations of physical activity and motivational talks, achieved a moderate weight loss in patients refractory to treatments for obesity.

Caracterización de una población bruxista y evaluación de la terapéutica mediante análisis cluster / Characterization of a bruxist population and therapeutical evaluation by means of a cluster analysis

El efecto de la férula oclusal y el TENS ha sido estudiado en una muestra de 24 pacientes bruxistas (apretadores y rechinadores) que fueron diagnosticados por medio de un cuestionario y anamnesis. Se estudiaron diferentes variables tanto cualitativas como cuantitativas, atendiendo a aspectos psicológicos, de oclusión tanto estática como dinámica, actualidad electromiográfica e índices electromiográficos en músculos posturales y elevadores y presencia de desarreglos internos de la articulación temporomandibular. El método estadístico utilizado fue el análisis cluster. Los resultados no mostraron claramente una discriminación entre grupos tanto entre apretadores y rechinadores como entre los dos tipos de tratamiento...

DMFT, dmft and treatment requirements of schoolchildren in Asturias, Spain.

An epidemiological survey was carried out in 1992 to study the dental health status of schoolchildren aged 6, 9 and 12 in Asturias, Spain. It focused on the caries prevalence, dmtf, DMFT, restoration indices and dental treatment needs of this population. A representative sample of 1839 subjects, randomly selected and proportionally assigned by age group (6, 9 and 12) with the classroom as the sample unit, was examined. Analysis of the data showed that in 6-year-old children the caries prevalence in primary teeth was 45.8%. The mean caries indices were 2.10 dmft and 0.25 DMFT. At 9 years old the prevalence of caries in primary teeth was 62.8% and in the permanent teeth 49.1%. The mean level of caries was 2.38 dmft and 1.50 DMFT. At 12 years old the caries prevalence in permanent teeth was 71% and in first molars 64.2%. The mean caries experienced was 3.30 DMFT. In all groups the D-component constituted the major part of the caries index. The results for girls were higher than for boys in almost all age groups. Surface fillings were the treatment most required in all age groups.

DMFT and treatment needs in adult population of Oviedo, Spain.

An epidemiological survey was carried out in 1992 researching dental caries and treatment needs in an adult population in Oviedo, Spain. A representative sample of 261 subjects, randomly obtained and stratified by age, was examined. Results show a dental decay prevalence of 99.6%; 12.5 DMFT index with 2.9, 7.5 and 2.1 mean values for D, M and F components. Women and the lower social class showed the highest DMFT index. Treatment needs reach a mean value of 12.1 teeth per person. Pontics are the most needed treatment, the mean value increases with age while the differences among age groups and social classes are statistically significant. The next most needed dental treatment is filling of one surface which decreases with age, is the same for men and women and higher among the middle social class; the differences are statistically significant among the social classes.

Fabrication of an implant radiologic-surgical stent for the partially edentulous patient.

This article describes a technique for fabrication of an implant radiologic-surgical stent, made of thermocurable clear resin, for the partially edentulous patient. Dual-curing composite resin is mixed with colored chalk powder and incorporated into the stent to provide contrast during computerized tomographic bone evaluation and to serve as an easily visible guide during fixture placement.

Determination of the horizontal movement of the working-side condyle during lateral movements of the mandible using computed tomography.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the horizontal movement of the working-side condyle during lateral movements of the mandible using computed tomography. The results showed that the working-side condyle moves in an outward and forward direction from the position of maximum intercuspation. The average movement is less than 1 mm.